How to Write Perl in Objective Oriented Way without Moose

Since I am new to perl and here are some notes for writing perl in OOP without using package without using Moose module.

It is recommended to include

use strict;
use warning;

at the very beginning of your code to make your code easier for others to read and understand.

So class in perl is basically a module. With the constructor subroutine and bless, it is easy to act like a class.

First of all, put your class in the file <classname>.pm . It is the module for the implementation of your class.

This module will have a constructor and some methods:

package <classname>;

use strict;
use warning;

sub new {
    my ($self, $class, $arguments) = @_; 
    bless $self, $class;
    $self->init($arguments);
    return $self;
}

sub init {
    # initialize with $arguments
    # here is a example
    my ($self, $options) = @_;
    %{$self} = %{$options}
}

sub aMethod {
    #implementation of method here
}

1;

The constructor subroutine is not necessary to be named new.
In your perl file, after include this module with use <classname>;, you could create a new class instance in the following way and call its methods:

my $instance = <classname> -> new ( \%args );
$instance -> aMethod ();

For above codes, an class instance is created by new ( \%args );. It returns a handler and store in $instance. Actually, it is a hash in perl. All subroutines can be called in the way of $classname -> subroutineName() like methods of class. All the attributes are stored in the hash, which is binded to $class by bless. You can directly access the attributes by $class -> {$key}, which is not recommended.

That is all about writing perl in OOP.